(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分
词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 build[bld] built[blt] built[blt] 建筑 lend[lend] lent[lent] lent[lent] 借给 send[send] sent[sent] sent[sent] 送 spend[spend] spent[spent] spent[spent] 花费
(3)原形→ought →ought
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 bring[br] brought[br:t] brought[br:t] 带来 buy[ba] bought[b:t] bought[b:t] 买 fight[fat] fought[f:t] fought[f:t] 打架 think[θk] thought[θ:t] thought[θ:t] 思考,想
(4) 原形→aught →aught
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 catch[kt] caught[k:t] caught[k:t] 捉,抓 teach[ti:t] taught[t:t] taught[t:t] 教
(5)变其中一个元音字母
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 dig[dɡ] dug[dɡ] dug[dɡ] 掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等) feed[fi:d] fed[fed] fed[fed] 喂 find[fand] found[fand] found[fand] 发现,找到 get[ɡet] got[ɡt] got[ɡt]/gotten[ɡtn] 得到 hold[hld] held[held] held[held] 拥有,握住,支持 lead[li:d] led[led] led[led] 引导, 带领, 领导 meet[mi:t] met[met] met[met] 遇见 sit[st] sat[st] sat[st] 坐 shoot[u:t] shot[t] shot[t] 射击 spit[spt] spit/spat[spt] spit/spat[spt] 吐痰, stick[stk] stuck[stk] stuck[stk] 插进, 刺入, 粘住, win[wn] won[wn] won[wn] 赢
(6)原形→+lt/pt/ft→+lt/pt/ft
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 feel['fi:l] felt[felt] felt[felt] 感到 keep[ki:p] kept[kept] kept[kept] 保持 leave[li:v] left[left] left[left] 离开 sleep[sli:p] slept[slept] slept[slept] 睡觉 sweep[swi:p] swept[swept] swept[swept] 扫 oversleep[vsli:p] overslept[v'slept] overslept[v'slept] 睡过头
(7) 其它
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 lay[le] laid[led] laid[led] 下蛋, 放置 pay[pe] paid[ped] paid[ped] 付 say[se] said[sed] said[sed] 说 stand[stnd] stood[std] stood[std] 站 understand[nd'stnd] understood[nd'std] understood[nd'std] 理解,明白 lose[lu:z] lost[lst] lost[lst] 失去 have[hv] [hv] had[hd, hd, d] had[hd, hd, d] 有 make[mek] made[med] made[med] 制造 sell[sel] sold[sld] sold[sld] 卖 tell[tel] told[tld] told[tld] 告诉 retell[ri:'tel] retold[ri:'tld] retold[ri:'tld] 重讲,重复,复述
5.ABC
(1)原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 blow[bl] blew[blu:] blown[bln] 吹 drive[ drav ] drove[drv] driven[drvn] 驾驶 draw[dr:] drew[dru:] drawn[dr:n] 画画 eat[i:t] ate[et] [et] eaten['i:tn] 吃 fall[f:l] fell[fel] fallen['f:ln] 落下 give[ɡv] gave[ɡev] given['ɡvn] 给 grow[ɡr] grew[ɡru:] grown[ɡrn] 生长 forgive[f'ɡv] forgave[f'ɡt] forgiven[fg/span>vn] 原谅, 饶恕 know[n] knew[nju:] known[nn] 知道 mistake[m'stek] mistook[m'stk] mistaken[m'stekn] 弄错; 误解, overeat['v'i:t] overate[v'reit] overeaten['v'i:tn] (使)吃过量 prove[pru:v] proved proven['pru:vn] /proved 证明,证实, 试验 take[tek] took[tk] taken['tekn, 'tekn] 拿 throw[θru] threw[θru:] thrown[ 'θrn] 抛,扔 ride[rad] rode[rd] ridden['rdn] 骑 see[si:] saw[s:] seen[si:n] 看见 show[u] showed[ud] showed/shown['n] 展示 write[rat] wrote[rt] written['rtn] 写 shake [ek] shook[u:k] shaken[ekn] 摇动,震动 rise[raz] rose[rz] rosen[rzn] 上升, 增强
(2)原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 break[brek] broke[brk] broken['brkn]/strong> 打破 choose[tu:z] chose[tz] chosen['tzn] 选择 get[ɡet] got[ɡt] got/gotten['ɡtn] 得到 hide[had] hid[hd] hidden['hdn] 隐藏 forget[f'ɡet] forgot[f'ɡt] forgotten[f'ɡtn] 忘记 freeze[fri:z] froze[frz] frozen['frzn] 冷冻,结冰,感到严寒 speak[spi:k] spoke[spk] spoken['spkn] 说 steal[sti:l] stole['stl] stolen['stln] 偷
(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)[i→a →u] 。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 begin[b'ɡn] began[b'ɡn] begun[b'ɡn] 开始 drink[drk] drank[drk] drunk[drk] 喝 sing[s] sang[s] sung[s] 唱 sink[sk] sank[sk] sunk[sk] 下沉, 沉没 swim[swm] swam[swm] swum[swm] 游泳 ring[r] rang[r] rung[r] 打电话
(4)其它
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 be(am, is, are) was[wz][wz] / were[w:(r)] been[bi:n][bn] 是 bear[be(r)] bore[b:] born/borne[b:n] 忍受 do[du:] did[dd] done[dn] 做 fly[flai] flew[flu:] flown[fln] 飞 go[ɡ] went[went] gone[ɡn] 去 lie[la] lay[le] lain[len] 躺 wear[we] wore[w:] worn[w:n] 穿